This inquiry leads students through an investigation of personal liberties vs. public safety. By investigating the compelling question “Should safety outweigh freedom?” students evaluate the constitutionality of government actions that originate from a desire to protect the American public. The formative performance tasks build on knowledge and skills through the course of the inquiry and help students evaluate the fine balance between protection and oppression. Students create an evidence-based argument about government actions in the past and current actions that are intended to protect but may be challenged constitutionally.