This inquiry leads students through an investigation of population growth and expansion in South Asia. By investigating the compelling question “How should South Asia respond to a growing population?” students evaluate the best solutions for accommodating a growing population. The formative performance tasks build on knowledge and skills through the course of the inquiry and help students understand the scope of South Asia’s population growth, recognize the causes and effects of the growth, and determine possible solutions to deal with population growth consequences. Students create an evidence-based argument about the best way for South Asia to go about handling its population growth issues.