This inquiry leads students through an investigation of the annexation of the Islands of Hawaii during the late-1800s and early 1900s. It also follows a U.S. policy of imperialism abroad as the nation looks to other regions of the world to control for political or economic gain including Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines. The annexation of Hawaii provided a strategic advantage for American business owners and for the U.S. military as Pearl Harbor was established on Oahu in the years following the end of the Spanish-American War. Consequently, the war ended the day after Hawaii was annexed. In addressing the compelling question students work through a series of supporting questions, formative performance tasks, and featured sources in order to construct an argument supported by evidence while acknowledging competing perspectives.